Nonverbal Learning Disorder (NLD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the use and understanding of nonverbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice. Since the vast majority of communication is conveyed non-verbally, difficulty in this area often creates significant challenges at work or school. In addition to difficulties interpreting non-verbal communication, people with NLD also exhibit challenges in their motor skills, visual-spatial skills, and ability to comprehend abstract concepts. Non-verbal learning disorder is usually diagnosed in childhood. Symptoms of NLD tend to become more pronounced with age so it is important to seek treatment early.

People with NLD may encounter various obstacles:

Challenges in social situations

People with NLD may struggle to understand nonverbal cues in social situations. Difficulties interpreting sarcasm or irony can create misunderstandings and social awkwardness. This may lead to difficulties in communication and relationship building.

Difficulties in the workplace

Adults with NLD may struggle with tasks that require visual-spatial skills, such as reading charts or maps, drawing, or organizational tasks that require attention to detail. They may have difficulty planning for and meeting deadlines, and may struggle with tasks involving math skills. Visual-spatial skills also help us recognize where our body is in relation to other people and to itself. People who struggle with visual-spatial skills may have poor personal space boundaries or appear clumsy. This can have a negative impact on one’s performance and relationship with coworkers.

Anxiety

People with NLD often have to cope with anxiety caused by their difficulty understanding and relating to others. Daily anxiety leads to stress and may cause one to avoid social situations, effectively hindering one’s ability to build and maintain meaningful relationships.

Non-verbal Learning Disorder is often misdiagnosed as ADHD, as both disorders share many symptoms. It is important to seek out a diagnosis from a qualified professional who understands both disorders, in order to ensure proper treatment.

Non-verbal learning disorder in adults can have a significant impact on daily life, affecting relationships, work performance, mental health, and quality of life. Proper intervention can greatly improve the lives of children or adults with NLD, allowing them to develop the skills they need to be successful and build healthy relationships.